France abolished monarchy and became a republic finally on September 21 in 1792. The abolition of the monarchy was proclaimed by the National Convention of France, giving birth to the French First Republic. The proclamation of the abolition of the monarchy (French: Proclamation de l'abolition de la royauté) came during the French Revolution. The measure came one year after King Louis XVI reluctantly approved a new constitution that stripped him of much of his power.
In the wake of the proclamation, efforts to eliminate the vestiges of the ancient regime increased. As the date of the first anniversary of France Republic approached, the Convention passed a set of laws replacing many familiar ancient systems of order and measurement, including the old Christian calendar. This dramatic change was powerful encouragement to the growing wave of anticlericalism to Christianize France. The new French Republican calendar abolished all Christian reference points and counted time from the first full day of the Republic after the monarchy, 22 September 1792, the first day of the first year.
Although Louis signed the Constitution of 1791, he entered into secret negotiations with the King of Prussia. Rulers of other neighbouring countries were worried by the developments in France and made plans to send troops to suppress the events that had been taking place since the summer of 1789. However, the National Assembly declared war against Prussia and Austria in 1792. The war goes against the king and aristocrats all over Europe. As a result, political clubs emerged. Later, elections were held. The newly elected assembly, called the Convention, abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic on September 21 in 1792.
King Louis ascended to the French throne in 1774 and from the start was unsuited to deal with the severe financial problems that he inherited from his predecessors. In 1789, food shortages and economic crises led to the outbreak of the French Revolution. Louis and his queen Mary-Antoinette were imprisoned in August 1792, and in September the monarchy was abolished. Soon after, evidence of Louis’ counterrevolutionary intrigues with foreign nations was discovered, and he was put on trial for treason.
In January 1793, Louis was convicted and condemned to death by a narrow majority. On January 21, he walked steadfastly to the guillotine and was executed. Marie-Antoinette followed him to the guillotine nine months later.
