Because cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder, it runs in families, so family history is a risk factor. Although CF occurs in all races, it's most common in white people of Northern European ancestry.
Respiratory system complications:
Damaged airways (bronchiectasis): Cystic fibrosis is one of the leading causes of bronchiectasis, a chronic lung condition with abnormal widening and scarring of the airways (bronchial tubes).
Chronic infections: Thick mucus in the lungs and sinuses provides an ideal breeding ground for bacteria and fungi. People with cystic fibrosis may often have sinus infections, bronchitis or pneumonia. Infection with bacteria that is resistant to antibiotics and difficult to treat is common.
Growths in the nose (nasal polyps): Because the lining inside the nose is inflamed and swollen, it can develop soft, fleshy growths (polyps).
Coughing up blood (hemoptysis): Bronchiectasis can occur next to blood vessels in the lungs. The combination of airway damage and infection can result in coughing up blood.
Pneumothorax: In this condition, air leaks into the space that separates the lungs from the chest wall, and part or all of a lung collapses. This is more common in adults with cystic fibrosis.
Courtesy: Mayo Clinic
