Proper wound care is important for any cut or wound. Seek medical care if you have a puncture wound, a deep cut, an animal bite, a foreign object in your wound, or a wound contaminated with dirt, soil, feces, rust or saliva.
If you're unsure when you last had a tetanus vaccine, seek medical care. Contaminated or more-serious wounds require a vaccination booster if it's been five or more years since your last tetanus shot.
If you have a minor wound, these steps will help prevent infections:
• Control bleeding: Apply direct pressure to stop bleeding.
• Clean the wound: After the bleeding stops, rinse the wound with a saline solution, bottled water or clear running water.
• Use antibiotics: Apply a thin layer of an antibiotic cream or ointment to discourage bacterial growth and infection.
• Cover the wound: Bandages can keep the wound clean and keep harmful bacteria out. Keep the wound covered until a scab forms. If you cannot clean the wound thoroughly, do not cover it and instead seek medical care.
• Change the dressing: Rinse the wound, apply antibiotic ointment, and replace the bandage at least once a day or whenever the dressing becomes wet or dirty.
• Manage adverse reactions: If the antibiotic causes a rash, stop using it. If you're allergic to the adhesive used in most bandages, switch to adhesive-free dressings or sterile gauze and paper tape.
Courtesy: Mayo Clinic